ABSTRACT
For epidemiological investigation of the rabies virus carrier rates of domestic dogs, cats and wild animals like rodent animals and bats,three kinds of regions where rabies had higher incidence (Hunan and Guizhou Provinces), lower incidence (Jiangsu Province, Wuhan City) and provisionally rabies-free (Shenyang City) were selected. Then the antigenic types, the genovariation of the isolaled viruses and the currently vaccine matching of the virus strains were analyzed. The results showed that in China the principal host of rabies is dog,the total virus carrier rate of the captured dogs was 2.56%, and the highest positive isolation rate was 20.0% in some monitoring site. However,there was no evidence about the rabies virus carrier rate in rodent animals,bats or other wild animals. The rabies vaccines which prepared from aG and CTN strains have already been produced successfully in China. The research showed that the nucleotide sequences of the newly isolated viruses were more similar with the glycoprotein gene of CTN strain. In order to evaluate the safety and the efficacy of the vaccines currently used, two groups (50 people each) were injected with vaccine of aG strain and CTN strain respectively in five surveillance points. The neutralizing antibody tested were 0.49 IU/mL-0.52 IU/mL and 6.7 IU/mL-7.53 IU/mL after the 7 and the 14 days of vaccine injection respectively. In addition, the rates of antibody positive seroconversion were 45.1%-47.9% and 100% respectively, and there was no moderate or severe adverse reactions observed. These data showed the vaccines have satisfactory effect on safety and protection.
Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Dogs , Antibodies, Viral , Blood , Carrier State , Epidemiology , Virology , Chlorocebus aethiops , Virology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , Rabies Vaccines , Allergy and Immunology , Rabies virus , Classification , Genetics , Vero CellsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze 21 cases of rabies from February 8 to May 1 in 2004 in Anlong county in Guizhou province, and to explore the possible factors causing the epidemics.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>21 cases of rabies were investigated. The canine brains were collected, and indirect immunofluorescence assay was used to detect rabies virus antigen in the brains.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>From February 8 to May 1st in this year, 21 cases of rabies were reported, with 5.12/100,000 of the prevalence rate. Dogs accounted for 20 cases, and cat for one case. Median incubation period was 36.52 days, but less than 15 days in 6 cases. Among 21 cases, 17 cases were not correctly treated, and 9 cases received vaccine, with 3 cases vaccinated in time. No cases received passive immunization of antirabies serum or human antirabies immune globulin. A total of 73 dogs' brains were examined for rabies viral antigen by IFA, and 9 (12.33%) were positive.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The increasing number of dog, high rate of virus carrier in dogs, incorrect treatment of the wound, and as well as low inoculating rate of rabies vaccine might be responsible for the outbreak of rabies in Anlong county.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , China , Epidemiology , Disease Outbreaks , Prevalence , Rabies , Epidemiology , Rabies Vaccines , Allergy and Immunology , Rabies virus , Allergy and Immunology , VaccinationABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the relations between different areas on hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Guizhou.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Various forms of infectious areas were surveyed continuously through epidemiologic surveillance system.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In fixed areas under surveillance system, the mean positive rate of HFRSV among Apodemus agrarius was 3.39%, comparing with Rattus norvegicus 1.61% in Apodemus infectious areas of Zunyi county, 3.19% in Rattus norvegicus, but no HFRSV of Apodemus agrarius was identified in Rattus infectious area of Shiqian county. Both Apodemus and Rattus infectious areas were relatively stabilized. In both banks of Luowang river, Kaiyang county, which had been identified as areas of infections for Apodemus in the eastern part, Rattus infectious area in the west, slow change was noticed. In 1983 - 1984 was not found in Apodemus agrarius HFRSV, however the infectious rate of HFRSV in Apodemus agrarius was 13.85% (Ag 1/65, Ab 8/65) in the western part of the province in 1995 - 1998.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Both Apodemus and Rattus infectious areas were stabilized but changed slowly. Mixed type and the result of mutual penetration were noticed.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Humans , Male , Rats , Antigens, Viral , Blood , China , Epidemiology , Disease Reservoirs , Hantaan virus , Allergy and Immunology , Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome , Epidemiology , Incidence , Muridae , Virology , Risk Factors , Seasons , Sentinel Surveillance , Time FactorsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To define the main genotypes in Guizhou agricultural areas by molecular epidemiologic investigation of 21 Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato of Lyme disease spirochetes and to provide the scientific bases for formulating a preventive policy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was used to amplify the 23S(rrl)-5S(rrf) intergenic spacer, and amplified products were analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and nucleotide sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were two genospecies in the strains: 20 strains belong to Borrelia valaisiana, 1 strain is Borelia sp.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Borrelia valaisiana was the main genotype in Guizhou agricultural areas. The harmness of B. valaisiana to human being has been confirmed. In order to efficiently prevent the harmness of agent to the people in Guizhou agriculture areas, we should study the risk further.</p>